Targeted drug delivery utilizing colloidal nanostructures has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These nanoscale structures can be precisely engineered with surface functionalities that enable targeted binding to specific cells or tissues, thereby delivering the payload directly to t

Quantum dots (QDs) are quantum nanostructures with unique optical and electronic properties that make them highly desirable for a variety of applications. However, their full potential can be further maximized by tailoring their surfaces to achieve specific functionalities. Surface modification allows for the introduction of functional groups or li